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The protected areas of South Africa include national parks and marine protected areas managed by the national government, public nature reserves managed by provincial and local governments, and private nature reserves managed by private landowners. Most protected areas are intended for the conservation of flora and fauna. National parks are maintained by South African National Parks (SANParks). A number of national parks have been incorporated in transfrontier conservation areas. Protected areas may also be protected for their value and importance as historical, cultural heritage or scientific sites. More information on these can be found in the list of heritage sites in South Africa. == Special Nature Reserves == Special nature reserves are highly protected areas from which all people and human activities are excluded, except for conservation and scientific research. The Prince Edward Islands, which are South African territories in the Southern Ocean, have been declared as a special nature reserve. == National Parks == The following are the national parks of South Africa: Addo Elephant National Park – A diverse wildlife conservation park near Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Agulhas National Park – National park on the coastal plain between Gansbaai and Struisbaai in the Western Cape, South Africa Augrabies Falls National Park – National park in the Northern Cape, South Africa Bontebok National Park – National park near Swellendam in the Western Cape, South Africa Camdeboo National Park – National park at Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape, South Africa Garden Route National Park – Coastal national park in the Garden Route region of the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces in South Africa Golden Gate Highlands National Park – National park in the Free State, South Africa, near the Lesotho border Karoo National Park – A wildlife reserve in the Great Karoo area of the Western Cape, South Africa near Beaufort West Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park – Transfrontier conservation area in Botswana and South Africa (shared with Botswana) Kruger National Park – First national park in South Africa Mapungubwe National Park – National park in Limpopo, South Africa Marakele National Park – A National Park that is part of the Waterberg Biosphere in Limpopo Province, South Africa Mokala National Park – A reserve in the Plooysburg area south-west of Kimberley in the Northern Cape, South Africa Mountain Zebra National Park – A national park in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa Namaqua National Park – A South African national park in Namaqualand in the Northern Cape Table Mountain National Park – A national park on tha Cape Peninsula in the vicinity of Cape Town, South Africa Tankwa Karoo National Park – A conservation area west of Sutherland in the Western and Northern Cape West Coast National Park – Conservation area north of Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa Ai-Ais/Richtersveld Transfrontier Park – Transfrontier park in Namibia and South Africa (shared with Namibia) == Transfrontier conservation areas == South Africa is involved in the following transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), also known as "peace parks". Ai-Ais/Richtersveld Transfrontier Park – Transfrontier park in Namibia and South Africa – includes the Richtersveld in South Africa and the Fish River Canyon and Ai-Ais Hot Springs in Namibia Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park – Transfrontier park in South Africa, Mozambique qnd Zimbabwe – includes Kruger National Park and parks in Mozambique and Zimbabwe Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park – Transfrontier conservation area in Botswana and South Africa – includes the former Kalahari Gemsbok National Park in South Africa and Gemsbok National Park and Mabuasehube Game Reserve in Botswana Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area – International park in Lesotho and South Africa – includes Golden Gate Highlands National Park, Sterkfontein Dam Nature Reserve, uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park and Royal Natal National Park in South Africa, and Sehlabathebe National Park in Lesotho Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area – Transfrontier conservation area in South Africa, Botswana and Zimbabwe – Mapungubwe National Park in South Africa, Northern Tuli Game Reserve in Botswana, and Tuli Circle Safari Area in Zimbabwe Nsubane Pongola Transfrontier Conservation Area – A proposed protected area in South Africa and Swaziland – including Phongolo Nature Reserve in South Africa and various farms in Swaziland Songimvelo-Malolotja Transfrontier Conservation Area – A peace park on the South Africa - Swaziland border between Barberton and Pigg's Peak – including Songimvelo Game Reserve in South Africa and Malolotja Nature Reserve in Swaziland Usuthu-Tembe-Futi Transfrontier Conservation Area – A group of protected areas in southern Africa, straddling parts of South Africa, Mozambique and Swaziland – including Ndumo Game Reserve and Tembe Elephant Park in South Africa, Maputo Special Reserve in Mozambique, and Usuthu Gorge Conservancy in Swaziland.The Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Area, involving South Africa, Mozambique and Swaziland, is planned to be formed from the iSimangaliso Wetland Park and the Nsubane Pongola, Songimvelo-Malolotja and Usuthu-Tembe-Futi TFCAs. SOURCESWikipedia